Channel: Stated Clearly

Category: Education

Tags: squirrelsymbiotic continuemsymbiotic continuumbiologyevolutionary arms racesymbiosisdarwinarms raceevolutionevolutino of symbiosis

Description: View the "Deep Dive" video on my second channel: youtu.be/N5G0Rs8AbAo Support our work on patreon.com/statedclearly Normally when people talk about "symbiosis", they're talking about two or more different organisms cooperating to better survive and reproduce. The classical definition of symbiosis is actually much broader than this, and for good reason. Here we will look how evolutionary biologists understand symbiosis, all its different forms, and why it matters! ==== SOURCES ==== SQUIRRELS VS TREES: EVOLUTIONARY ARMS RACE How plants manipulate the scatter-hoarding behavior of seed-dispersing animals: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2830241 Evolutionary interactions between tree squirrels and trees: A review and synthesis: jstor.org/stable/24103182?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents Can acorn tannin predict scrub-jay cashing behavior: link.springer.com/article/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000006411.68081.14 TICKS AND OPOSSUMS Individual opossums can kill and eat over 5,000 ticks per week during during tick larval activity peaks in the state of New York: royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rspb.2009.1159 New York Times Overview of the research linked above (note, in this article they say 5,000 per season, but the paper itself says 5,000 per week during tick larval season which can last up to 2 months) newstimes.com/news/article/Robert-Miller-Opossums-killers-of-ticks-5413872.php CHOLERA EVOLVE TOWARD COMMENSALISM Paper on the evolution of virulence: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5587421 TED talk by Paul Ewald, outlining his work on Cholera "Can we domesticate germs?": ted.com/talks/paul_ewald_asks_can_we_domesticate_germs?language=en ==== NOTE ==== The claim that caching acorns allows rainwater to leach out the tannins was confirmed by one study (the blue-jay paper above), but results failed to be duplicated in a followup study.